Content
Hyperglycemia is a situation characterized by the large amount of sugar circulating in the blood, being more common in diabetes, and can be noticed through some specific symptoms, such as nausea, headache and excessive sleep, for example.
It is common for blood sugar levels to rise after meals, however this is not considered hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia occurs when even hours after a meal, there is a large amount of circulating sugar, and it is possible to verify values above 180 mg / dL of circulating glucose several times throughout the day.
To avoid high blood sugar levels, it is important to have a balanced diet and low in sugar, which should preferably be guided by a nutritionist, and to perform physical activities on a regular basis.
Why does hyperglycemia happen?
Hyperglycemia occurs when there is not enough insulin circulating in the blood, which is the hormone related to glycemic control. Thus, due to the decreased amount of this hormone in the circulation, the excess sugar is not removed, characterizing hyperglycemia. This situation may be related to:
- Type 1 diabetes, in which there is a complete deficiency in the production of insulin by the pancreas;
- Type 2 diabetes, in which the insulin produced cannot be used correctly by the body;
- Administration of the wrong dose of insulin;
- Stress;
- Obesity;
- Sedentary lifestyle and inadequate diet;
- Problems in the pancreas, such as pancreatitis, for example, since the pancreas is the organ responsible for the production and release of insulin.
If the person is more likely to have hyperglycemia, it is important that blood glucose control is done daily through the glucose test, which should be done on an empty stomach, before and after meals, in addition to changing lifestyle habits through improving eating habits and physical activity. That way, it is possible to know if the glucose levels are controlled or if the person has hypo or hyperglycemia.
Main symptoms
It is also important to know how to recognize the symptoms of hyperglycemia, so that it is possible to take action more quickly. Thus, the appearance of dry mouth, excessive thirst, frequent urge to urinate, headache, drowsiness and excessive tiredness may be indicative of hyperglycemia, which may or may not be related to diabetes. Know your risk of diabetes by taking the following test:
Know your risk of developing diabetes
Start the test
Sex:
Age:
- Under 40
- Between 40 and 50 years
- Between 50 and 60 years
- Over 60 years
Height: m Next
Weight: kg Next
Waist:
- Greater than 102 cm
- Between 94 and 102 cm
- Less than 94 cm
High pressure:
Do you do physical activity?
- Two times a week
- Less than twice a week
Do you have relatives with diabetes?
- Not
- Yes, 1st degree relatives: parents and / or siblings
- Yes, 2nd degree relatives: grandparents and / or uncles
What to do
To control hyperglycemia, it is important to have good habits of life, practicing physical activities regularly and maintaining a healthy and balanced diet, giving preference to whole foods and vegetables and avoiding foods rich in carbohydrates or sugars. It is also important to consult a nutritionist so that an eating plan can be made according to the person's characteristics so that there is no nutrient deficiency.
In the case of having diabetes, it is also important that medications are taken according to the doctor's guidance, in addition to the daily dosage of blood glucose several times a day, as it is thus possible to check the blood sugar concentrations during the day and, thus, it is possible to assess the need to go to the hospital, for example.
When blood glucose is very high, it may be indicated by the doctor that an injection of insulin is given in an attempt to regulate sugar levels. This type of treatment is more common in the case of type 1 diabetes, while in the case of type 2 diabetes the use of drugs such as Metformin, Glibenclamide and Glimepiride, for example, is indicated, and if there is no glycemic control, it may be necessary insulin use as well.