Content
Endemic goiter is a change that occurs due to the deficiency of iodine levels in the body, which directly interferes with the synthesis of hormones by the thyroid and leads to the development of signs and symptoms, the main one being the increase in the volume of the thyroid that is perceived through swelling in the neck.
Endemic goiter is an uncommon situation, however it is important that it is investigated and treatment is carried out in accordance with the medical recommendation, with iodine supplementation and changes in food being mainly indicated in order to normalize thyroid activity.
Main symptoms
The main sign and symptom of endemic goiter is an increase in the volume of the thyroid, which is perceived through swelling of the neck. As a result of this increase, the person may experience difficulty breathing and swallowing, and may also have a cough.
In addition, according to the levels of TSH, T3 and T4 circulating in the blood, the person may show signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism, such as excessive tiredness, weight gain or loss, muscle or joint pain, for example. Know how to identify the symptoms of goiter.
What causes endemic goiter
Endemic goiter happens due to iodine deficiency in the body, which results in changes in the thyroid gland. This is because iodine is an essential element for the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones, T3 and T4.
Thus, as there is not enough iodine in the body to produce the hormones, the thyroid begins to work harder in order to capture sufficient amounts of iodine to produce the hormones, resulting in their increase, which is characteristic of the goiter.
How the treatment is done
The treatment for endemic goiter is to relieve the signs and symptoms of the disease and normalize the synthesis of hormones by the thyroid. Thus, according to the circulating T3 and T4 levels, the doctor may indicate iodine supplementation with a concentration 10 times higher than the recommended daily dose until thyroid function is considered normal.
In addition, supplementation of salt with iodine and consumption of foods rich in this element, such as fish, eggs, milk and cheeses, for example, may be recommended. Check out a list of iodine-rich foods.
Created by: Tua Saúde Editorial Team